Inductive coupling
| Short
| Low
| Hz – MHz | Wire coils
| Electric tooth brush and razor battery charging, induction stove tops and industrial heaters.
|
Resonant inductive coupling
| Mid- | Low | kHz – GHz
| Tuned wire coils, lumped element resonators
| Charging portable devices (Qi), biomedical implants, electric vehicles, powering buses, trains, MAGLEV, RFID, smartcards.
|
Capacitive coupling
| Short | Low | kHz – MHz
| Metal plate electrodes
| Charging portable devices, power routing in large-scale integrated circuits, Smartcards, biomedical implants.
|
Magneto dynamic coupling
| Short | N.A. | Hz
| Rotating magnets
| Charging electric vehicles, biomedical implants.
|
| Microwaves | Long
| High | GHz
| Parabolic dishes, phased arrays, rectennas
| Solar power satellite, powering drone aircraft, charging wireless devices
|
Light waves
| Long
| High | ≥THz
| Lasers, photocells, lenses
| Charging portable devices, powering drone aircraft, powering space elevator climbers.
|
